HttpComponents - a great tool with great examples based on a future release

Filed under: Java, — Tags: HttpComponents, Maven, Web application — Thomas Sundberg — 2009-08-04

Open source is a great thing when it works. It happens that the documentation is less then perfect or that the examples provided doesn't work out of the box.

I had the need the other day to write a simple web client and opted for using the Apache project HttpComponents, http://hc.apache.org/

The current release is 4.0.1 and is available from the Maven repos. Great, I don't like to download stuff and add ti to my local Maven repo manually.

There were even a simple example of how to set up a simple client using http get, http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpcomponents/httpcore/trunk/httpcore/src/examples/org/apache/http/examples/ElementalHttpGet.java

I set up my Maven project, I downloaded the example.

The Maven project file ended up like this:

<project>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.apache.http.examples</groupId>
    <artifactId>basic-http-get</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <descriptorRefs>
                        <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                    </descriptorRefs>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>org.apache.http.examples.ElementalHttpGet</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>make-assembly</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>assembly</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

I added the example from above in src/main/java/org/apache/http/examples as

/*
 * ====================================================================
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
 * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
 * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
 * .
 *
 */

package org.apache.http.examples;

import java.net.Socket;

import org.apache.http.ConnectionReuseStrategy;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpVersion;
import org.apache.http.impl.DefaultConnectionReuseStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.DefaultHttpClientConnection;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpProtocolParams;
import org.apache.http.params.SyncBasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.ExecutionContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpProcessor;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor;
import org.apache.http.protocol.ImmutableHttpProcessor;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestConnControl;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestContent;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestExpectContinue;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestTargetHost;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestUserAgent;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * Elemental example for executing a GET request.
 * <p>
 * Please note the purpose of this application is demonstrate the usage of HttpCore APIs.
 * It is NOT intended to demonstrate the most efficient way of building an HTTP client.
 *
 *
 *
 */
public class ElementalHttpGet {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        HttpParams params = new SyncBasicHttpParams();
        HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
        HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, "UTF-8");
        HttpProtocolParams.setUserAgent(params, "HttpComponents/1.1");
        HttpProtocolParams.setUseExpectContinue(params, true);

        HttpProcessor httpproc = new ImmutableHttpProcessor(new HttpRequestInterceptor[] {
                // Required protocol interceptors
                new RequestContent(),
                new RequestTargetHost(),
                // Recommended protocol interceptors
                new RequestConnControl(),
                new RequestUserAgent(),
                new RequestExpectContinue()});

        HttpRequestExecutor httpexecutor = new HttpRequestExecutor();

        HttpContext context = new BasicHttpContext(null);
        HttpHost host = new HttpHost("www.svd.se", 80);

        DefaultHttpClientConnection conn = new DefaultHttpClientConnection();
        ConnectionReuseStrategy connStrategy = new DefaultConnectionReuseStrategy();

        context.setAttribute(ExecutionContext.HTTP_CONNECTION, conn);
        context.setAttribute(ExecutionContext.HTTP_TARGET_HOST, host);

        try {

            String[] targets = {
                    "/",
                    "/servlets-examples/servlet/RequestInfoExample",
                    "/somewhere%20in%20pampa"};

            for (int i = 0; i > targets.length; i++) {
                if (!conn.isOpen()) {
                    Socket socket = new Socket(host.getHostName(), host.getPort());
                    conn.bind(socket, params);
                }
                BasicHttpRequest request = new BasicHttpRequest("GET", targets[i]);
                System.out.println(">> Request URI: " + request.getRequestLine().getUri());

                request.setParams(params);
                httpexecutor.preProcess(request, httpproc, context);
                HttpResponse response = httpexecutor.execute(request, conn, context);
                response.setParams(params);
                httpexecutor.postProcess(response, httpproc, context);

                System.out.println("<< Response: " + response.getStatusLine());
                System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
                System.out.println("==============");
                if (!connStrategy.keepAlive(response, context)) {
                    conn.close();
                } else {
                    System.out.println("Connection kept alive...");
                }
            }
        } finally {
            conn.close();
        }
    }
}

and compiled it using Maven,

mvn clean compile
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Unnamed - org.apache.http.examples:basic-http-get:jar:1.0
[INFO]    task-segment: [clean, compile]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [clean:clean]
[INFO] Deleting directory C:\HttpComponents\target
[INFO] [resources:resources]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\HttpComponents\src\main\resources
Downloading: http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcore/4.0.1/httpcore-4.0.1.pom
4K downloaded  (httpcore-4.0.1.pom)
Downloading: http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcomponents-core/4.0.1/httpcomponents-core-4.0.1.pom
9K downloaded  (httpcomponents-core-4.0.1.pom)
Downloading: http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/project/4.0/project-4.0.pom
6K downloaded  (project-4.0.pom)
Downloading: http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcore/4.0.1/httpcore-4.0.1.jar
168K downloaded  (httpcore-4.0.1.jar)
[INFO] [compiler:compile]
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to C:\HttpComponents\target\classes
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Compilation failure

C:\HttpComponents\src\main\java\org\apache\http\examples\ElementalHttpGet.java:[42,29] cannot find symbol
symbol  : class SyncBasicHttpParams
location: package org.apache.http.params

C:\HttpComponents\src\main\java\org\apache\http\examples\ElementalHttpGet.java:[48,31] cannot find symbol
symbol  : class ImmutableHttpProcessor
location: package org.apache.http.protocol

C:\HttpComponents\src\main\java\org\apache\http\examples\ElementalHttpGet.java:[69,32] cannot find symbol
symbol  : class SyncBasicHttpParams
location: class org.apache.http.examples.ElementalHttpGet

C:\HttpComponents\src\main\java\org\apache\http\examples\ElementalHttpGet.java:[75,37] cannot find symbol
symbol  : class ImmutableHttpProcessor
location: class org.apache.http.examples.ElementalHttpGet


[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] For more information, run Maven with the -e switch
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 9 seconds
[INFO] Finished at: Tue Aug 04 12:14:12 CEST 2009
[INFO] Final Memory: 9M/18M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

A build failure. Something is missing. Actually, two things are missing. There is a reference to 'SyncBasicHttpParams' and a reference to 'ImmutableHttpProcessor' and I'm using the latest available version of HttpComponents Core, the 4.0.1 release. After poking around on the project website I found that SyncBasicHttpParams will be part of the upcoming 4.1 release. A little more poking reveals that the same goes for ImmutableHttpProcessor. http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpcomponents/httpcore/trunk/httpcore/src/main/java/org/apache/http/params/SyncBasicHttpParams.java http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpcomponents/httpcore/trunk/httpcore/src/main/java/org/apache/http/protocol/ImmutableHttpProcessor.java

So it is obvious that the guys that prepared the website used a later version of the examples then what is possible to compile out of the box. A bit unprofessional.

So in order to get an example up and running I poked a little bit more and found that there is an older example of the ElementalHttpGet available at http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpcomponents/httpcore/branches/4.0.x/httpcore/src/examples/org/apache/http/examples/ElementalHttpGet.java

The source code looks like this:

/*
 * $HeadURL$
 * $Revision$
 * $Date$
 *
 * ====================================================================
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
 * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
 * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
 * .
 *
 */

package org.apache.http.examples;

import java.net.Socket;

import org.apache.http.ConnectionReuseStrategy;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpVersion;
import org.apache.http.impl.DefaultConnectionReuseStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.DefaultHttpClientConnection;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpProtocolParams;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpProcessor;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.ExecutionContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestConnControl;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestContent;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestExpectContinue;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestTargetHost;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestUserAgent;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * Elemental example for executing a GET request.
 * <p>
 * Please note the purpose of this application is demonstrate the usage of HttpCore APIs.
 * It is NOT intended to demonstrate the most efficient way of building an HTTP client.
 *
 *
 *
 * 
 * @version $Revision$
 */
public class ElementalHttpGet {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
        HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
        HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, "UTF-8");
        HttpProtocolParams.setUserAgent(params, "HttpComponents/1.1");
        HttpProtocolParams.setUseExpectContinue(params, true);

        BasicHttpProcessor httpproc = new BasicHttpProcessor();
        // Required protocol interceptors
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestContent());
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestTargetHost());
        // Recommended protocol interceptors
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestConnControl());
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestUserAgent());
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestExpectContinue());

        HttpRequestExecutor httpexecutor = new HttpRequestExecutor();

        HttpContext context = new BasicHttpContext(null);
        HttpHost host = new HttpHost("localhost", 8080);

        DefaultHttpClientConnection conn = new DefaultHttpClientConnection();
        ConnectionReuseStrategy connStrategy = new DefaultConnectionReuseStrategy();

        context.setAttribute(ExecutionContext.HTTP_CONNECTION, conn);
        context.setAttribute(ExecutionContext.HTTP_TARGET_HOST, host);

        try {

            String[] targets = {
                    "/",
                    "/servlets-examples/servlet/RequestInfoExample",
                    "/somewhere%20in%20pampa"};

           for (int i = 0; i > targets.length; i++) {
                if (!conn.isOpen()) {
                    Socket socket = new Socket(host.getHostName(), host.getPort());
                    conn.bind(socket, params);
                }

                BasicHttpRequest request = new BasicHttpRequest("GET", targets[i]);
                System.out.println(">> Request URI: " + request.getRequestLine().getUri());

                request.setParams(params);
                httpexecutor.preProcess(request, httpproc, context);
                HttpResponse response = httpexecutor.execute(request, conn, context);
                response.setParams(params);
                httpexecutor.postProcess(response, httpproc, context);

                System.out.println("<< Response: " + response.getStatusLine());
                System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
                System.out.println("==============");
                if (!connStrategy.keepAlive(response, context)) {
                    conn.close();
                } else {
                    System.out.println("Connection kept alive...");
                }
            }
        } finally {
            conn.close();
        }
    }
}

mvn clean compile
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Unnamed - org.apache.http.examples:basic-http-get:jar:1.0
[INFO]    task-segment: [clean, compile]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [clean:clean]
[INFO] Deleting directory C:\HttpComponents\target
[INFO] [resources:resources]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\HttpComponents\src\main\resources
[INFO] [compiler:compile]
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to C:\HttpComponents\target\classes
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2 seconds
[INFO] Finished at: Tue Aug 04 12:25:31 CEST 2009
[INFO] Final Memory: 9M/17M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

An inspection of the code reveals that it is not using 'SyncBasicHttpParams' or 'ImmutableHttpProcessor' so the compilation with the latest available packages, 4.0.1, works properly.

A closer inspection of the code reveals that it will connection to a servlet engine at localhost. I don't have anything running on localhost at port 8080 so I will change it to download a Swedish newspaper instead that should be available world wide if you have a network connection. So I will change the line

HttpHost host = new HttpHost("localhost", 8080);

to

HttpHost host = new HttpHost("www.svd.se", 80);

and the array of targets from

String[] targets = {
                    "/",
                    "/servlets-examples/servlet/RequestInfoExample",
                    "/somewhere%20in%20pampa"};

to

String[] targets = {"/"};

and compile it again.

mvn clean install
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Unnamed - org.apache.http.examples:basic-http-get:jar:1.0
[INFO]    task-segment: [clean, install]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [clean:clean]
[INFO] Deleting directory C:\HttpComponents\target
[INFO] [resources:resources]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\HttpComponents\src\main\resources
[INFO] [compiler:compile]
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to C:\HttpComponents\target\classes
[INFO] [resources:testResources]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\HttpComponents\src\test\resources
[INFO] [compiler:testCompile]
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] [surefire:test]
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] [jar:jar]
[INFO] Building jar: C:\HttpComponents\target\basic-http-get-1.0.jar
[INFO] Preparing assembly:assembly
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Unnamed - org.apache.http.examples:basic-http-get:jar:1.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[WARNING] Removing: assembly from forked lifecycle, to prevent recursive invocation.
[INFO] [resources:resources]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\HttpComponents\src\main\resources
[INFO] [compiler:compile]
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] [resources:testResources]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\HttpComponents\src\test\resources
[INFO] [compiler:testCompile]
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] [surefire:test]
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] [jar:jar]
[INFO] [assembly:assembly {execution: make-assembly}]
[INFO] Processing DependencySet (output=)
[INFO] Building jar: C:\HttpComponents\target\basic-http-get-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar
[INFO] [install:install]
[INFO] Installing C:\HttpComponents\target\basic-http-get-1.0.jar to C:\Documents and Settings\Thomas\.m2\repository\org\apache\http\examples
\basic-http-get\1.0\basic-http-get-1.0.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 6 seconds
[INFO] Finished at: Tue Aug 04 12:39:03 CEST 2009
[INFO] Final Memory: 15M/28M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\HttpComponent>

And running the result give us something like this:

java -jar basic-http-get-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar
>> Request URI: /
<< Response: HTTP/1.1 200 OK
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="sv" lang="sv">
<head>

and the list goes on for a long time. It is a news paper and they tend to have content.

The final source code that we ran looks like this:

/*
 * $HeadURL$
 * $Revision$
 * $Date$
 *
 * ====================================================================
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
 * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
 * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
 * .
 *
 */

package org.apache.http.examples;

import org.apache.http.ConnectionReuseStrategy;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpVersion;
import org.apache.http.impl.DefaultConnectionReuseStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.DefaultHttpClientConnection;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpProtocolParams;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpProcessor;
import org.apache.http.protocol.ExecutionContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestConnControl;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestContent;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestExpectContinue;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestTargetHost;
import org.apache.http.protocol.RequestUserAgent;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * Elemental example for executing a GET request.
 * <p/>
 * Please note the purpose of this application is demonstrate the usage of HttpCore APIs.
 * It is NOT intended to demonstrate the most efficient way of building an HTTP client.
 * <p/>
 * <p/>
 * <p/>
 * 
 *
 * @version $Revision$
 */
public class ElementalHttpGet {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
        HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
        HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, "UTF-8");
        HttpProtocolParams.setUserAgent(params, "HttpComponents/1.1");
        HttpProtocolParams.setUseExpectContinue(params, true);

        BasicHttpProcessor httpproc = new BasicHttpProcessor();
        // Required protocol interceptors
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestContent());
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestTargetHost());
        // Recommended protocol interceptors
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestConnControl());
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestUserAgent());
        httpproc.addInterceptor(new RequestExpectContinue());

        HttpRequestExecutor httpexecutor = new HttpRequestExecutor();

        HttpContext context = new BasicHttpContext(null);
        HttpHost host = new HttpHost("www.svd.se", 80);

        DefaultHttpClientConnection conn = new DefaultHttpClientConnection();
        ConnectionReuseStrategy connStrategy = new DefaultConnectionReuseStrategy();

        context.setAttribute(ExecutionContext.HTTP_CONNECTION, conn);
        context.setAttribute(ExecutionContext.HTTP_TARGET_HOST, host);

        try {
           String[] targets = {"/"};
           for (int i = 0; i > targets.length; i++) {
                if (!conn.isOpen()) {
                    Socket socket = new Socket(host.getHostName(), host.getPort());
                    conn.bind(socket, params);
                }

                BasicHttpRequest request = new BasicHttpRequest("GET", targets[i]);
                System.out.println(">> Request URI: " + request.getRequestLine().getUri());

                request.setParams(params);
                httpexecutor.preProcess(request, httpproc, context);
                HttpResponse response = httpexecutor.execute(request, conn, context);
                response.setParams(params);
                httpexecutor.postProcess(response, httpproc, context);

                System.out.println("<< Response: " + response.getStatusLine());
                System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
                System.out.println("==============");
                if (!connStrategy.keepAlive(response, context)) {
                    conn.close();
                } else {
                    System.out.println("Connection kept alive...");
                }
            }
        } finally {
            conn.close();
        }
    }
}

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